1	Soft Drinks - What’s Happening to Our Youth? Health concerns over excessive consumption. NH Health Professionals for Healthy School Nutrition
2	Soft Drinks Everywhere Carbonated beverage, fruit juice, and sports drink consumption has increased 500% over the past 50 years. Americans consume 53 gallons of these beverages per person annually. Teenage boys have tripled consumption while teenage girls have doubled consumption in the past 20 years.
3	Beverages Available in the U.S.
4	So Many Choices Everywhere The U.S. Market includes nearly 450 varieties of soft drinks. Annual retail sales exceed $60 billion.
5	Diet Substitute Soft drinks have displaced milk and healthier choices over the last 20 years. Milk consumption has decreased 40% and soft drink consumption has doubled. The largest source of added sugar in the U.S. diet is from soft drinks. Soft drink consumption surpasses milk, beer, coffee, and water.
6	Sugar Coated The Recommended Daily Allowance of sugar for teenage girls is 24 tsps. and for boys is 34 tsps. Diets high in sugar have been identified as a major risk for tooth decay. The USDA recommends that a 2200 calorie diet should have no more than 12 tsps. of refined sugar per day. The World Health Organization recommends sugar is 10% of your daily diet.
7	Even More Sugar Soft drinks are America’s single biggest source of refined sugar. A 12-ounce can of soda contains 12 teaspoons of refined sugar. Would you ever attempt to eat 12 teaspoons of sugar at once? 40% to 44% of the sugar in an average teenager’s diet is from soda.
8	Cavity Progression
9	Acid Attack Sugar from soft drinks combines with bacteria in your mouth to form acid. Each acid attack lasts 20 minutes or more and starts over with every sip. The results can be extensive tooth decay, also called cavities.
10	Tooth Decay Tooth decay is the most common childhood disease in the U.S. – 5 times more common than asthma and 7 times more common than hay fever. 51 million hours of school are lost each year due to dental-related illness.
11	"pH 7.0 is pure water" pH 7.0 is pure water pH 1.0 is battery acid. pH of soft drinks are between 2.5 and 4.5.
12	Brittle Bones 71% of high school students do not meet dietary recommendations for calcium. Students are substituting milk, rich in calcium, for soft drinks. Teenage girls drinking 2 cans of soft drinks per day have a higher rate of bone fracture.
13	Milk vs. Soft Drinks
14	Overweight Kids 24% of children are overweight a number that has doubled in 20 years. 11% are obese, a number that has tripled in 20 years. Consuming 100 extra calories a day, half of a 20 oz. soft drink, results in a 10 pound weight gain in a year. Obesity is an important risk factor in Type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease.
15	Decay Defense Drink soft drinks as an occasional treat. Substitute water as your main hydration source. Don’t sip the drink over an extended period of time. Sipping prolongs the sugar and acid attack. Get regular dental checkups and cleanings as well as use a fluoridated toothpaste .
16	Revenue Alternatives Many schools, such as in Portsmouth, NH, have been successful in removing soft drinks without interrupting their revenue stream. Evidence exists that when students are given a choice with the right packaging and marketing, healthy choices are made.
17	Bottom Line An occasional soft drink is not the problem: it is the over-consumption that is related to obesity, tooth decay, and osteoporosis. Promote school policy that ensures healthy food and beverage choices for our youth throughout the day. Eliminate contractual arrangements with soft drink vending machine companies that provide incentives and advertising which encourage youth to over consume soft drinks.
18	Committee Members Chair: Dr. Pamela Baldassarre – New Hampshire Dental Society Dr. Geraldine Rubin – New Hampshire Pediatric Society Dr. Jay Nesvold – New Hampshire Dental Society Dr. Peter Thomas – New Hampshire Dental Society Dr. Chuck Albee – New Hampshire Dental Society Dr. Jack Ryan – New Hampshire Dental Society Dr. John Echternach – New Hampshire Dental Society Jim Williamson – New Hampshire Dental Society Sarah Crane – New Hampshire Dental Assistants Association Janice Hempel – School Based Dental Hygienist Bonnie Greaney - School Based Dental Hygienist Irene Coulon – Manchester Department of Public Health Terry Tolman - Manchester Department of Public Health Nancy Kelly – Registered Dental Hygienist Joan Kenney Fitzgerald – New Hampshire Dental Hygienists Association Nancy Martin – DHHS, Oral Health Program Manager Lynne A Rumba- School Nurse Association
19	References A special thank you to the Minnesota Dental Association for all of their help!!! www.mndental.org Soft Drinks and School-Age Children: Trends, Effects, Solutions, North Carolina School Nutrition Action Committee (SNAC); July 2002. Available at http://www.nutritionnc.com/SD(8-19).pdf Cavadini, C., Siega-Riz, A.M., & Popkin, P.M. (2000). I.S. Adolescent food intake trends from 1965 to 1996. Archives of Diseases Children, 83, 18–24. “Embrace Your Health! Lose Weight If Your Are Overweight”, NHLBI and Office of Research on Minority NIH Publication No. 97-4061, Sept. 1997. Ludwig, D.D. Peterson, K.E., & Gortmaker, S.L. (2001). Relation between consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks and childhood obesity: a prospective, observational analysis. Lancet 357, 505-508. Troiano, R.P., Briefel, R.R., Carroll, M.D., & Bisolstosky, K. (2000). Energy and fat intake of children and adolescents in the United States. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Surveys. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Supplement 1343S-1353S. Wyshak, G., Teenaged girls, carbonated beverage consumption, and bone fractures. Archives of Pediatric Adolescent Medicine 2000, 154: 610. Lytle, L.A., et al. How do children’s eating patterns and food choices change over time? American Journal of Health Promotion 2000, 14: 222.
20	References U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Oral Health in America: A Report of the Surgeon General. Rockville, MD, 2000. Gift, H.C., 1997. Oral Health outcomes research: Challenges and opportunities. In Slade G.D., ed., Measuring Oral Health and Quality of Life pp. 25-46. Chapel Hill NC: Department of Dental Ecology, University of North Carolina. Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. 2000. Healthy People 2010. In Office of Cited January 15, 2001; available at: http://www.helath.gov/healthypeople/Document/HTML/Volume 2/21Oral.htm#-Toc489700403. Joint Report of the American Dental Association Council on Access, Prevention and Interprofessional Relations and Council on Scientific Affairs to the House of Delegated: Response Resolution 73H-2000. October 2001. Jacobson, M.F. (1998). Liquid Candy: How soft drinks are harming American’s health. Retrieved from http://www.cspionet.org/sodapop/liquid_candy.htm http://www.saveharry.com/bythenumbers.html http://www.nutritionnc.com/SoftDrink(8-19).pdf Erickson, P. R., et.al.: Soft Drinks: Hard on Teeth. Northwest Dentistry 80, #2 World Health Organization